Essay on Character Analysis of Elisa Allen in The...

Character Analysis of Elisa Allen in The Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck The Chrysanthemums, written by John Steinbeck, captures one day in the life of a woman who yearns for a more fulfilling life. Elisa is first portrayed as a woman whose tasks are exceeded by her abilities. As the day continues, a stranger briefly enters her life and, through manipulative words, fills her heart with hopes of change and excitement. We learn that these newly-found hopes are crushed when Elisa eventually realizes that she has been used. A stranger manages to break Elisas heart, not because of who Elisa appears to be, but because of who Elisa really is. To understand The Chrysanthemums, we must first know the real Elisa. As she is†¦show more content†¦Apart from her gardening attire, Elisas tendency to complete such a large amount of manual labor also blocks her femininity from our eyes. On top of all of that manual labor, Elisa also manages to keep her home spotless: It was a hard-swept looking little house with hard-polished windows, and a clean mud mat on the front steps. It is obvious to us that Elisa has energy to burn. She seems to love work, the more work the better. In one instance, as Elisa was tending to her Chrysanthemums, Henry says, I wish youd work out in the orchard and raise some apples that big to which Elisa enthusiastically responds, Maybe I could do it, too. We do not actually know the real Elisa until we reach the end of the story. In reality, we initially see her through her husbands eyes, since it seems that he does not know the real Elisa either. Poor Henry probably thinks that he makes his wife happy and that she has all that she needs in life. If Henry were only to pay closer attention to his wifes words, he might become aware of her true feelings. We may notice, as we read her story, that when Elisa speaks to Henry, she excessively repeats one word, good. She is not as expressive towards Henry as she is towards the stranger. It seems as though she is faking enthusiasm when she uses this word, good for you...it will be good, tonight, a good dinner. AnotherShow MoreRelated Character Analysis of Elisa Allen in The Chrysanthemums by Steinbeck1262 Words   |  6 PagesSteinbecks short story, The Chrysanthemums, feel Elisas flowers represent her repressed sexuality, and her anger and resentment towards men. Some even push the symbolism of the flowers, and Elisas masculine actions, to suggest she is unable to establish a true relationship between herself and another. Her masculine traits and her chrysanthemums are enough to fulfill her entirely. This essay will discuss an opposing viewpoint. Instead, it will argue that Elisas chrysanthemums, and her masculine qualitiesRead MoreEssay on Analysis of The Chrysanthemums1139 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of The Chrysanthemums The short story The Chrysanthemums gives insight into the life of its author. John Steinbeck was born on February 27, 1902, in Salinas, California. The locale of the story is of key resemblance to the Salinas in which Steinbeck was born and bread. Salinas was a typical American small town, [differing] only in location and a few distinctive features (McCarthy 3). The protagonist of this story, Elisa Allen, also resembles Steinbecks first wife. SteinbeckRead MoreCharacter Analysis the Chrysanthemums1220 Words   |  5 PagesChristopher Engl. 1302 April 15, 2013 Paper 1 Character Analysis â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† by John Steinbeck John Steinbeck was born in 1902 and lived during what is said to be the most troubled time in American history. Steinbeck was alive during the Dust Bowl paired with the Great Depression, which is believed to be the reason for his almost melancholiac tone in some of his works but he seemed a very diverse writer. Along with â€Å"The Chrysanthemums†, Steinbeck is the author of the well-known andRead MoreEssay on Symbolism in The Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck1179 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolism in The Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck A symbol is an act, person, thing, or spectacle that stands for something else, by association a usually broader idea in addition to its own literal meaning (Cassill Bausch, 1728). John Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums may seem as a story describing a simple day with the Allen couple. It begins with Elisa Allen working in her garden and her husband, Henry Allen, negotiating with two suited business men that want to purchase steers. TheyRead MoreProposal969 Words   |  4 PagesCharacter Analysis: Elisa Allen John Steinbeck has a very engaging mind. He not only makes people think when they read his work; he makes them think through a number of scenarios with his tales. I believe that looking at this story, you sense this woman, Elisa Allen, is a woman who is very unhappy with her life. The only satisfaction Elisa gets out of life is being in her garden with her family of chrysanthemums. Elisa is very unsettled with her life as a whole. She does not like being stuckRead More The Chrysanthemums Essay1649 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Steinbeck’s, The Chrysanthemums, was published in 1938 in a book of short stories, entitled The Long Valley. The Chrysanthemums has been a rather powerful draw for scholars because of its wide gap for interpretations and analysis of its main protagonist character, Elisa Allen and also the unique descriptions used to portray the deeper meaning behind the setting of the story. Themes of sexuality, oppression of women, as well as other numerous types of con flict portrayed in this rather somberRead MoreJohn Steinbeck2062 Words   |  9 Pageswrites short stories like â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† and â€Å"Flight†. In Steinbeck’s â€Å"The Chrysthemums† Elisa Allen is married to a negligent ranch owner. While her husband works on the ranch, Elisa tends to her chrysanthemum garden daily. One day while tending to her garden, a charming tinker man pulls up to her in his wagon and tries to make a business transaction with her. Seeing that she is not interested, the tinker strikes up a conversation with Elisa about her chrysanthemums. In the end, the tinker takesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story The Story Of An Hour Essay1554 Words   |  7 PagesENC1102 T/R 5:40PM TO 9:00PM WOLFSON CAMP ANALYSIS OF FEMALE CHARACTERS IN â€Å"THE STORY OF AN HOUR† â€Å"HILLS LIKE WHITE ELEPHANTS† AND â€Å"THE CHRYSANTHEMUMS† JUAN FELIX CASTILLO BATISTA PROFESOR JOSEPH FALLAD This essay is an attempt to describe the females’ characters between three of the most powerful short stories I ever read. My goal is to describe and compare three different women, in theirRead MoreEnglish All Semester 26504 Words   |  27 PagesWeek 7 7.03A, 7.03B 7.05B, 7.08 Week 8 8.01, 8.02A and B, 8.03, 8.05 (segment exam) 5.03- A rose for Emily Part I: Character Identification in A Rose for Emily In complete sentence format, identify each of the following characters. Remember reporters, be sure to include as much information as possible to give your readers a vivid picture of each of the following characters: 1. Emily Grierson: Emily Grierson was a young lady, whose life was always run by her father. Her father who was

Business quiz answer Free Essays

Your Answer: culture Correct serve as a baseline for actions and decision making and guide employees in the organization’s intentions and interests. Your Answer: Values Correct Question: A company’s Answer: mission Correct is its primary reason for existence. Your Question: The primary resource of all organizations is . We will write a custom essay sample on Business quiz answer or any similar topic only for you Order Now Your Answer: employees Incorrect Question: Organizational climates are Answer: counter-productive to Correct corporate cultures. Your Question: The process of collecting information about the external environment to identify and analyze trends is called: Your Answer: environmental scanning. Correct is a function of the ability to learn and to perform according to changes in the environment. Your Answer: Organizational adaptability Correct Question: For many organizations, what customers value often becomes the company’s: Your Answer: distinctive competitive advantage Correct Question: The final step in the basic planning process is Answer: controlling and evaluating the results Correct Question: Which of the following questions applies directly to the function of landing? Your Answer: What do we want to accomplish? Incorrect Question: The step in the basic planning process would the statement ‘This organization will capture 5% more of the product market in the next 2 years† focus upon: Your Answer: production schedules. Correct Question: The three levels of strategies are corporate, business, and . Your Answer: functional Correct Question. How to cite Business quiz answer, Papers

Marketing Management Self-Regulation for Interaction

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Management for Self-Regulation for Interaction. Answer: Introduction In order to identify the relevant activities and events to target before launching a completely new product in the market, marketing plan plays a significant role. According to Martin (2012), a proper and potential marketing plan for a new product should be strategic, as it will help the marketers to stay focus while coordinating their efforts for product launching in the particular market. La Trobe University is famous for its innovation and excellence in its offered course. Only with different policy, this particular university of Australia hold one of the positions of top three in Victoria. La Trobe University offers the student of Australia to study management online with La Trobes Online Master of Management course. This multi-campus university offers both the postgraduate and undergraduate courses of Science, Arts, Commerce, Social Sciences, Health and Engineering. However, in order to make its positive step in the management study centre, La Trobe University offers this online course of Master of Management, which will suit the lifestyle of the targeted students. Situation and competitor analysis As the online study course has become famous in todays fast forward lifestyle, therefore, this study course is perfect to attract the new generation students. The top competitors of La Trobe University are Melbourne Business School, AGSM MBA, Monash Business School. All these mentioned business and management school is famous in Australia because of excellent study materials, business academics and international recruiters. The competitors of La Trobe University occupy the top position in the list of business management schools in Australia (Latrobe.edu.au 2016). Macro environmental force: According to Wang et al. (2012), the external factors are uncontrollable, still with potential process of decision making, strategies and performance, the influence of these factors can be resolved. Political The new state tax policies of Australian government for accounting have major influence on the business of La Trobe University. Another problem arrives for the Online Master of Management is the political instability in the foreign partner country. Economical The constant economic growth in international level influences this course study. Even the changes in the interest rates have impact on this particular course study (Swan et al. 2012). Social There is a drastic shift in the educational requirements because of the transformed career attitudes of the students. The lifestyles of the students have been changed and it will influence the online course of La Trobe University. Technological The rate of innovation is high and it continuously transforms with the technological incentives. There are gradual developments and innovations in the online management studies offered by various universities (van der Zanden et al. 2012). The changes in information and mobile technology also influence this online course. Table 1: PEST analysis of La Trobes Online Master of Management (Source: Driscoll et al. 2012) The mission of La Trobes Online Master of Management is to provide the student international quality of education with enriched study materials and to be innovative, accountable and always connected with the students. Even the management of the university recasts some of the existing goals in order to target and provide a transparent and clear concentration on the outcomes of the performance of the students. CSR of La Trobe Online Master of Management involves effective corporate actions and strategies, which are critiques and explored from various interdisciplinary perspectives in order to explore the managerial process of decision-making (Latrobe.edu.au 2016). Resources: There are very low requirement of Human Resource in order to continue the online management course of La Trobe University as mainly every functions are completed through online process and it is automated. The financial resources are required in large level in order to develop the official online website of the university, as the students will gather information from this. In order to provide information and communicate with the clients, La Trobe University uses social media platform, such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and blog as most of the deals are finalised thorough these particular media. Current offerings: Current offerings of La Trobe Unoversity include the online course of Master of Management and it is offered with two duration, 1.5 years for cognate students and 2 years for non-cognate students. This course study is made for both the local student of Australia and the international students. This online course is perfectly suitable with the established mission of La Trobe University (Latrobe.edu.au 2016). Target market segments: The segmentation and positioning of a brand reveals the fact that the impression, perception and feelings of the clients. There is already a concept of management study occupied in the mind of clients, therefore, when the management of La Trobe University decides to launch Online Masters of Management course in the educational sector of Australia, they made a thorough and detailed market research on the competitor companies in online management studies in the Australian market. Demographic Both the middle and upper class students of Australia are targeted customers. Behavioural Behavioural segments involve the benefits, usage rate and status of the clients. Mainly those students, who are working, this online management course will be perfect for them (Simpson 2013). Geographical The students of Melbourne and Victoria are the targeted students. However, Online Master of Management is online course; therefore, international students also can apply for the particular course. Psychographic Those students are interested to pursue career in management posts are suited for this course. As the course is online, therefore, it is available for all time with sufficient study materials. It will be helpful for the working students of Australia. Table 2: Segmentation of La Trobes Online Master of Management (Source: Cho and Kim 2013) As this online course can be completed from any location throughout the world, therefore, the clients are happy and satisfied with the services of La Trobe University. From the current research, it has been revealed that approximately 48% students enrol for online course in present days and it is an important information for the university. The course mainly targets 30 thousands students and among them at least 22 thousands students are expected to enrol. However, as it is an online course, therefore, there will be no loyal customers for repeating the course (Kuo et al. 2013). The success of la Trobes Online Master of management is measurable and substantial. Online communication process makes it easy both for the learners and the faculty to interact in short period and to fulfil the requirements with online study materials. Competitiveness: Although La Trobe University encounters a large level of competition in the field of online business management schools from Melbourne Business School, Monash Business School and AGSM MBS, still the profit of this particular university has not been influenced only because of incorporation of potential strategies. All these mentioned business schools fail to provide online course studies for the international students. As La Trobe University holds the third position in Australias business school, therefore there are hardly any scopes or possibilities of threat from future competitors. This university this concerned university also has planning in future to offer online course for other subjects such as Arts, Commerce, Social Science and Science. Fetzner (2013) has mentioned that a large number of resources helps an organisation to hold a strong position in a particular industry. Similarly, La Trobe University possesses sufficient financial funding, good academic faculties to compete w ith the competitor business schools in Australia. Most of the business school in Australia merges with other schools in order to serve both the local students and the overseas. The management of La Trobe University has understood this strategy of the educational sector and has planned accordingly to meet the demand and criteria of the customers. Marketing objectives: Moore (2013) has stated that an effective marketing objectives helps an organisation to make plan according to the planned and established strategies in order to reach the targeted goal of an organisation. The marketing objectives of La Trobes Online Master of Management are following: To increase annual sales To launch new online course To build brand awareness of the organisation To target new students form Australia and overseas To enhance the customer relationship All these above-mentioned objectives are specific, measurable, attainable, relevant and time span is required minimum 6 months. Marketing mix: Product Online Master of Management Price The fee of the course is ranged in between AU$13,000- AU$20,000. The course fee of La Trobe University is a bit expensive than the other available business school in Australia. However, the fee is a bit high for the foreigner student and it cost approximately AU$25,000. Place The course is made for the students of both Australia and overseas. Promotion The promotion of the course will be done on social media platform such as Facebook, Twitter, Blog and official website of La Trobe University. Table 3: Marketing Mix of La Trobes Online Master of Management (Source: Meyer 2014) The product: The core benefit the clients expect from this course is to gain business knowledge in similar manner like the regular courses of the campuses in Australia (Dalsgaard 2014). The high quality study materials are the tangible element, the guidance, and the teaching process of the faculties, their behaviour and perceptions are intangible elements of this course. This course also offers four elective subjects as a part of it and there are facilities of alternate specialisation. Most of the students select Project Management specialisation and choose electives from Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Harry et al. (2013) have determined that as these two elements possess a strong interlink with the management studies, therefore most of the students select these electives rather than others. La Trobe University offers four starting dates of the course and the students can enrol for any of the date accordingly their demand. The mentioned dates are on 24th October 2016, 2nd January 2017, 27th Feb ruary 2017 and 24th April 2017 (Latrobe.edu.au 2016). La Trobe University checks the required documentation, such as educational background, reasons for the application into this particular university, resume, evidence of the competency level of English language and experiences of the students before enrolment for Online Master of Management. The Brand: Name of the brand play a vital role before launching a new services or product in the market. La Trobe University is famous in Australia because of its excellent courses, facilities of modern education and academic faculties, who provide international level knowledge of business management to the students. The students of Australia, New Zealand and overseas prefer La Trobe University rather than other available business school in Australia only because of its top three position. The online management program of La Trobe University has been recently introduced, however, the students have already established faith on this brand because of its success on other subjects including Science, Commerce, Arts and Social Sciences. The motto of this university is Whoever seeks shall find and the mascot is a wedge-tailed eagle (Latrobe.edu.au 2016). La Trobe University enjoys the affiliation of Universities of Australia and Innovative Research Universities (IRU). Marketing program critical analysis and recommendations for new product strategy Wang et al. (2013) have mentioned that the marketing strategy of an organisation should not be confined within the marketing team and it should be analysed with proper alignment of high-performing business leaders, business strategies in order to take relevant and adequate decision regarding the services, brand, competition and the customers. The online management course of La Trobe University even provide MBA level training in order to help the students to understand strategic marketing as it enhances the capabilities to make proper decisions regarding the department, unit and the entire function of the organisation. This course will equip a student to evaluate the usage of basic framework to formulate a perfect market strategy in order to identify relevant business application. A student will apply the concept and idea of segmentation, targeting and positing of a service or product after the course and can employ proactive and strategic approach while taking decisions of pricing. A s opined by Rubin et al. (2013), management studies also enhance the engagement of an individual with the concerned organisation and its customers. La Trobes Online Master of Management helps a student to know about the overall market share of an organisation with adequate use of social media marketing. This course is effective and ideal for both the marketing managers, who require updating their knowledge and skills according to the modern demand and criteria of the customers in todays competitive business world. After completing the course, the marketing manager will be able to make potential marketing plan for the concerned company in better manner than the previous one (Glance et al. 2013). This online management course is also ideal for the business leaders, non-marketing professional rather than students in order to enhance their marketing strategies. However, La Trobes Online Master of Management is initially targeted the students rather than above-mentioned individuals, who are associated with the business. Even the students, who will successfully complete this online course, will receive a postgraduate certificate from the La Trobe University. Ni (2013) has mentioned that the landscape of digital marketing continues to increase at a rapid pace and both the marketers and the customers encounter with completely new kind of opportunities and challenges within modern digital age. As online management studies save times of the students as it provides study materials through online rather than daily attending of classes, therefore, most of the students prefer it. Simonson et al. (2014) has suggested that it also provides the students to enrol for international top universities to pursue further study. Recommendations: Although the newly introduced online management course of La Trobe University has been proved as efficient as regular classes, still it possess few flaws and drawbacks. La Trobe University should post the entire details of the course syllabus on the official website. The management course should be more flexible in order to offer the students a large variety of e-learning program. La Trobe University should incorporate new alternative subjects. Instructors and faculties of its university should be responsive all the time to the requirements of the students. 24-hour responds are always expected from the side of enrolled students as they have paid a lump sum fee for admission. There should be variety of assessment test as the knowledge and talents of every student are different. The management of the La Trobe University should improve the service quality to the students, as it will enhance their sales revenue if the enrolled student recommends this course to other individuals. As there is no scope of face to face communication in between the student, instructors and the academic faculties, therefore, there should be adequate maintenance of interaction. All these above-mentioned recommendations are appropriate and relevant enough to retain the top three position of La Trobe University and its online management course. La Trobe University will continue its successful e-learning process with a huge variety of course option in future with proper following of these recommendations. References Cho, M.H. and Kim, B.J., 2013. Students' self-regulation for interaction with others in online learning environments.The Internet and Higher Education,17, pp.69-75. Dalsgaard, C., 2014. Social software: E-learning beyond learning management systems.European Journal of Open, Distance and e-learning,9(2). Driscoll, A., Jicha, K., Hunt, A.N., Tichavsky, L. and Thompson, G., 2012. Can online courses deliver in-class results? A comparison of student performance and satisfaction in an online versus a face-to-face introductory sociology course.Teaching Sociology,40(4), pp.312-331. Fetzner, M., 2013. What Do Unsuccessful Online Students Want Us to Know?.Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks,17(1), pp.13-27. Glance, D.G., Forsey, M. and Riley, M., 2013. The pedagogical foundations of massive open online courses.First Monday,18(5). Harry, K., John, M. and Keegan, D. eds., 2013.Distance education: new perspectives. Routledge. Kuo, Y.C., Walker, A.E., Belland, B.R. and Schroder, K.E., 2013. A predictive study of student satisfaction in online education programs.The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning,14(1), pp.16-39. Latrobe.edu.au (2016) Home Page Available at https://www.latrobe.edu.au/ [Accessed on Sep 5, 2016] Latrobe.edu.au (2016) Master of Management Online Available at https://www.latrobe.edu.au/online/master-management [Accessed on Sep 5, 2016] Martin, F.G., 2012. Will massive open online courses change how we teach?.Communications of the ACM,55(8), pp.26-28. Meyer, K.A., 2014. Quality in Distance Education: Focus on On-Line Learning. ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Report. Jossey-Bass Higher and Adult Education Series. Moore, M.G. ed., 2013.Handbook of distance education. Routledge. Ni, A.Y., 2013. Comparing the effectiveness of classroom and online learning: Teaching research methods.Journal of Public Affairs Education, pp.199-215. Rubin, B., Fernandes, R. and Avgerinou, M.D., 2013. The effects of technology on the Community of Inquiry and satisfaction with online courses.The Internet and Higher Education,17, pp.48-57. Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M. and Zvacek, S., 2014.Teaching and learning at a distance. Information Age Pub. Simpson, O., 2013.Supporting students in online open and distance learning. Routledge. Swan, K., Matthews, D., Bogle, L., Boles, E. and Day, S., 2012. Linking online course design and implementation to learning outcomes: A design experiment.The Internet and Higher Education,15(2), pp.81-88. van der Zanden, R., Kramer, J., Gerrits, R. and Cuijpers, P., 2012. Effectiveness of an online group course for depression in adolescents and young adults: a randomized trial.Journal of Medical Internet Research,14(3), p.e86. Wang, C.H., Shannon, D.M. and Ross, M.E., 2013. Students characteristics, self-regulated learning, technology self-efficacy, and course outcomes in online learning.Distance Education,34(3), pp.302-323. Wang, Q., Woo, H.L., Quek, C.L., Yang, Y. and Liu, M., 2012. Using the Facebook group as a learning management system: An exploratory study.British Journal of Educational Technology,43(3), pp.428-438.

Memorable Experience in My Life free essay sample

My Life My mom used to say that I was born to swim. But the truth is that I didnt know how to swim until the last year of my primary school! Mom always said that I could swim in the basin when I was only two months old. I was surprised at the amazing fact. If this was true, then why was I afraid of water? I went to swim every summer, but I didnt make a little progress. I was worried and blamed myself several times. When I watched people swimming freely, how I wished I had learnt to swim! The story of how I learnt to swim is dramatic.One hot summer afternoon, my ether and I went to the swimming pool to swim. While my father was changing his clothes, I was roaming along the bank of the pool. Suddenly I heard a voice, Look out! and then came a big noise and beautiful splashes. We will write a custom essay sample on Memorable Experience in My Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Just when I was admiring the swimmers skills, I slipped into the pool! I was so afraid that I shouted at once! But the water kept coming towards me and I drank a lot of it. I was moving upside down and trying to reach the bank. I was struggling very hard to keep my head above the water. A minute was like a hundred years to me. To my surprise, I was able to keep the style!Just then, my father, saw me and he seemed to be shocked. He then said, Calm down, Just wave your arms and legs like this. Right! And I got it! I finally learnt to swim! You cant imagine how happy I was and I wanted to Jump for Joy! From this unforgettable experience I learnt that ones power Is unlimited. Sometimes you could show that power in an emergency. If you believe that, you will discover the power lying within yourself and achieve your goals. And one has to stay calm when its dangerous. To calm down helps you to think clearly and make the best decision for you. Thats what I have learnt from the experience.

Butter Today essays

Butter Today essays Changing lifestyles have always influenced the approach to nutrition. Values and/or intimacy associated with the foods we as a society eat, have largely been washed away by a desire for easier and less time consuming preparations. We have traded in our larder for refrigerators and keep foods for lengths of time unimaginable 75 years ago. What we eat these days is unfortunately based on convenience. Inherently, ready-to-eat foods are what well reach for when we feel the need to fill the gap. Aspartame, monosodium glutamate, synthesized vitamins, and a host of preservatives are present in these foods to extend shelf life, increase flavour, suggest healthfulness, and increase the saleability to the demographics. With the trend of local, organic, and natural foods, now is the time to get back to basics by incorporating a fundamental nutritional building block a staple in every professional cooks kitchen at home and at work butter. Compared to margarine, butter serves more as an icon of a nation that sustains the family farm and the related values of this lifestyle. Certainly not as lucrative as margarine, butter is a simple natural product made from cream to which salt is often added for its preservative qualities. The cream is pasteurized and churned or shaken until it becomes semi-solid, at which point the buttermilk is separated. Fifteen to twenty percent of butter is milk solids and salt, held in an emulsion by naturally present lecithin, which also assists in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Because of the presence of milk solids, butter has a refrigerated shelf life of up to one month, or at room temperature for a few hours. Slightly warmed butter is unmatched as a spread for flavour, but also for its naturally present unprocessed vitamins and other qualities. The most easily absorbed ...

Scotch

Scotch Scotch Scotch By Simon Kewin The word Scotch has several meanings, but it should never be used as an adjective to refer to a person or object from Scotland. The only exception is that the word is acceptable as part of certain compound names, such as Scotch whisky, Scotch mist or Scotch broth. Words such as Scotchman or Scotchwoman are obsolete and frowned upon by people from Scotland. The correct words to use are Scottish or Scots. It would be wrong, for example, to say â€Å"The Scotch weather is frequently atrocious† but it would be quite correct to say â€Å"The Scottish weather is frequently atrocious†. Similarly, the Scottish newspaper is The Scotsman, not The Scotchman. The word Scotch on its own is (as well as being a registered trade name) often used as a shortened form of â€Å"Scotch whisky†. Therefore, it is just about permissible to say â€Å"Scotch man†, as in â€Å"I’m a Scotch man, myself†, but that would mean someone who enjoys or prefers to drink Scotch whisky rather than someone from Scotland. Footnote : Whisky and whiskey are often used interchangeably, but the two spellings identify the origin of the spirit. In the UK, â€Å"whisky† means the drink from Scotland, whereas â€Å"whiskey† is used when the source is Ireland. More widely, â€Å"whisky† is also used when referring to the Canadian and Japanese drinks and â€Å"whiskey† is generally used to refer to the drink when it is from the USA. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Opening Lines to Inspire the Start of Your Story15 Words for Household Rooms, and Their SynonymsPunctuation Is Powerful

MGMT338 U2 DB Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MGMT338 U2 DB - Assignment Example Police detective and engineering manager are paid on base plus incentive arrangement. Here, they are compensated at 80% of the compensation plus an incentive component which offers them the chance to reward goal oriented performance (Armstrong, 2003). The benchmarking productivity is crucial for maintaining the standards of the group. Registered nurse and landscaper are paid straight salaries. Here, they are paid predetermined amount of cash annually. One of the effects of the compensation is a reduction in utilisation. The nurses and landscapers are no longer compensated for prescribing treatment and offering landscaping services respectively. Conversely, a mechanical engineer is paid on hourly basis. Here, an engineer is paid their time using hourly rates. This computes the compensation by multiplying the number of hours entered on the transaction sheet by the hourly rate. An engineer is paid depending on the number of hours (Khan, & Jain,

Explain the early development of the geocentric model of the universe Essay

Explain the early development of the geocentric model of the universe according to ancient greek cosmology - Essay Example Or else they are like the mind as it seeks mastery over the moving parts of its own body; or like a craftsman who does the best he can with whatever raw materials are available. The most influential thinker who had the most convincing notions of cosmology before Copernicus was Aristotle (384-322 B.C.). Aristotelian assumptions about place, space, matter, motion, and time served as the foundation for the Ptolemaic system, which dominated in the West for more than a thousand years. The plainness and unstrained authoritativeness of Aristotle's style may give us a glimpse into the sources, both rhetorical and philosophical, of his authority (Ross, 1930). Proposing the geocentric model of the universe, Aristotle focused his study on the earth's position, shape, and rest or motion as the center of the universe. His discussion by no means operates in a philosophical vacuum, but accounts briefly for other views in competition with his own. The line of argument is instructive for any who have imbibed the old clich, according to which geocentric cosmology is "said to locate the earth in the place of greatest importance in the universe." In Aristotle's geocentric model of the universe, each planet was attached to a transparent sphere of its own, and all spheres were turning round the earth.

College sports gambling Essay Example for Free

College sports gambling Essay With all of the controversy of gambling in college sports, why is the issue still an issue? The answer is money. There were actions taken towards this by Congress, but the problem is that it was never completely abolished. Congress had made the mistake of creating a way around it. It is now commonly referred to as the Las Vegas loophole. They outlawed the betting nationwide with the exception of one state, one state that is the capital of gambling, Nevada. This has caused few changes, with the exception of the ever-growing revenue that it generates. Another reason the legality still remains is one not frequently mentioned, but the question of the ban being constitutional. But no matter what the law, is there realistically ever going to be silence or content? To trace the tracks to the start of mending this problem, we need to go back to 1992. This is the year that the Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act took precedence. This law restricts gambling on amateur sports in 46 states and essentially leaves Nevada as the only state that can take bets on those games. Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz) and Rep. Lindsay Graham (R-S. C. ) are striving to get two separate bills passed, both of which are targeted at prohibiting gambling on amateur sports. The bills were introduced a year ago, and at the time, were heavily favored. The bills would legally put a stop to betting on NCAA games, the oh-so-notorious March Madness (the NCAA Tournament), and wagering on all college sports for that matter. Las Vegas casino lobbyist have turned offensive. Who wouldnt, if there were possibilities of losing a $700 million cash cow, with approximately $70 million on March Madness? The money that is generated from sports betting both legal and not, is much too vast to be eradicated. Nevada is the tree trunk for which sports gambling is derived. The casinos are complete with giant electronic boards that offer information on daily events ranging from odds to player injuries. This is the basis of most sports wagering. Nevada generates $2. 3 billion a year on legal sports betting , where as, betting on college sports revenue in Nevada accounts for $650 million of the amount. This is far from the issue though. If betting on college sports in Nevada is made illegal, I find the impact to be very small considering that illegal sports gambling has been estimated at $80 billion to $380 billion a year. At the least, 40 times the legal revenue generated seems very minute. In addition, studies have shown that for every dollar bet on sports in Vegas, $100 is bet with bookies and on the Internet. Rep. Jim Gibbons (R-Nev. ), says that there is nothing backing up that legal gambling in Nevada is in any way responsible for the illegal sports wagering that plagues our nations college campuses. Rep. Shelley Berkley (D-Nev.), said that no problems would be solved by eliminating legal bets any more than suggesting that outlawing aspirin would stop the sale of illegal drugs. A poll done by Gallop from March 18-20 (between the first two weekends of this years NCAA tournament) found that Americans were divided on issue. The poll stated that 49% believe that college sports gambling should be illegal and 47% believe that it should not. Strikingly, college basketball fans are stuck on 48% on both stand-points. The possibility of abolishing gambling on college sports is not very likely nor does it hold much hope of bettering the problem. If the betting was banned, theres no possibility of it just disappearing. The figures and dollar amounts of illegal gambling are much too high now, and it is still legal. What happens when Congress puts this law into effect and everyone ignores it? It surely does not say much about our society and its morals. Howard Shaffer, director of the Division on Addictions at Harvard Medical School, said If we pass legislation that we cannot enforce, it will undermine authority in general and young people dont need any more laws that nobody respects. Shaffer added, If its unenforceable, they will come to see other legislation as unenforceable and then well have problems where we dont necessarily have them today. People of all kinds are in agreeance that the impact of this law would hardly be worth the effort. John Shelk, vice president of the American Gaming Association, also stated Its not like Congress is going to pass a law that bans legal gambling, and students across the country will say, ? Oh my God, I cant gamble anymore because its illegal. Sen. McCain, co-author of last years Senate bill, had countered his opinion to ESPN.com by saying, I dont think we have to choose between enforcing existing laws on illegal gambling and closing the loophole on legal gambling. McCain added, we can do both. McCain and others claim that eliminating legalized gambling in Nevada would be an essential first step on stopping the college sports gambling. Critics disagree. They believe that the attempt to chip away at illegal sports gambling isnt a logical first step, at all. The fact of the college sports gambling, is that there is too much publicity, popularity, and money surrounding this particular gambling sport. In the beginning there was a problem with popularity. From 1951-1974, there was a 10% excise tax levied by the Federal Government on the amount of sports wagers. The tax made the business unprofitable since the profit margin was generally 5% or less before the tax. In 1974, Congress was persuaded by the Nevada congressional delegation. From this persuasion, Congress ended up cutting the tax from 10% to 2%. From there, the boom took off. It took a little time but the pay off was great. Wagers on professional and college sports were totaling $1. 3 billion by 1988. After the new wave had taken off, professional sports teams and the NCAA became concerned. One outspoken supporter was Bill Bradley, a former basketball star and Democratic Senator from New Jersey. Bradley expressed, state-sponsored sports betting could change forever the relationship between the players and the game, and the game and the fans. Sports would become the gamblers game and not the fans game, and athletes would become roulette chips, he pleaded in 1992. Bradley and others apparently made quite an impact because Congress enacted the Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act, which was noted earlier as the Nevada loop hole. Again, the conflict elevated from there on out. Realistically though, as much as the NCAA wants this legalization stopped, there is an issue thats never discussed, but could legally keep the association from doing anything. It is another loophole that Nevada has found, and is a little more concrete. It is the 10th amendment, which delegates powers to the states not to the federal government. This means that if the bill becomes a law, the state of Nevada will definitely have grounds to contest it. The popularity of college sports gambling has continued to grow over the years. When the NCAA tournament begins to roll around each year, Nevada gets hard at work. March Madness, is virtually a madness. Its a craze that is so very wide-spread, it would literally be impossible to get rid of it. Brackets and spreads are created, and almost anybody with vision can say that they have seen the NCAA tournament bracket. It is so popular now that some media devote entire sections of newspapers to the event. Its inevitable that readers are able to find the bracket listed, and usually bold and in full color. You can even find the bracket displayed at bars, restaurants, and even work places. More popular is the office pool that seems to have grown so much that women and even non-sports fans find them selves anteing in at a shot on the pool. If this legislation is to pass, how are things like the office pools going to be regulated? Can any one realistically imagine the day that cops and or Federal agents busting bars and business environments for illegal gambling all over the country? The idea of the regulation is ridiculous. In addition to the casual gambling in offices and such, what about the vast expansion of gambling and sources of it on the Internet? The Internet is full of sites devoted to college sports and gambling of it. As far as the NCAA goes, it has what most would consider a hypocritical view on the situation. The NCAA claims to be firmly against the legal betting, but when it comes to the Tournament and other advertised events, one might think differently about the beliefs. In congressional testimony the NCAA says it opposes all forms of illegal sports wagering. Well, if anyone has heard of a little network called CBS, they might be able to recall a small tournament, in correlation with the network, called the NCAA Tournament. These two were in conjunction for this years tournament, but somehow the NCAA had no problem with CBS repeatedly pointing viewers to CBS. Sportsline. com, all throughout the broadcast. Additionally, CBS. Sportsline. com owns Las Vegas Sports Consultants. Some authorities estimate that over 80% of Las Vegas sports books subscribe to the line, set by this firm. During the tournament, this web site offered a free Bracket Pool Manager, in addition to odds, points, spreads, over/unders, and so on. You cant gamble through the site, but what other purpose does a Bracket Pool Manager and other such emminities serve besides gambling. When you link all of these things together, it just doesnt make any sense. There has to be an approval by the NCAA for all of this to have taken place, therefore, it is indeed to some extent, condoning this action that it claims to be so against. So what do you think that the NCAA can do or say? Would it be feasible for them to say no, you cant say that or broadcast our tournament anymore? NO! CBS accounts for 90% yes, 90% of the NCAA operating revenue. I seriously doubt that the NCAA is so consumed with its beliefs, that it will just discard the whole money issue that goes along with it. The National Association of Basketball Coaches, Official Athletic Site believes that the NCAA has many problems that it needs to address and correct before jumping the gun to Congress. Marc Isenbergs article on the site stated that, The NCAA cannot even begin to educate athletes and other students-or even congress-until it does the following: 1. ) demand that CBS cut its ties with CBS. Sportsline.com and Las Vegas Sports Consultants, which are a major part of the infrastructure of gambling on college sports 2. ) prohibit corporate partners from using bracket promotions or contests connected to the outcome of games 3. ) refuse to credential media outlets who publish lines and accept ads from tout services 4. ) fund a gambling education program on college campuses that addresses the problem of gambling, not just shaving. Can the NCAA tear itself away from its ? Show me the money outlook to conduct such a campaign? The answer is No. The truth remains, that nobody especially not the NCAA wants to go back to the unpopular, no money-making ways of the past. There is an undeniable problem with betting in college sports, mainly when it comes to students. This is the NCAAs major concern, but namely, point shaving. In general, point shaving is done by players that intentionally miss shots to change the outcome of the game. The NCAA has a very justifiable reason for the abolishment in terms of this actual concern. Over the past view years, there have been many cases in which athletes got involved in the negative aspects of gambling. This would often times result in owing bookies so much that they would get sucked into the point shaving problem. One student made his mark when he got involved with his roommate, who was also a popular bookie that was being investigated by officials. The student was Teddy Dupay, a basketball player for the University of Florida Gators. Dupay had shared winnings with his friend Kresten Lagerman, 23, after giving him inside information about whether the Gators could cover point spreads. Florida had also endured a 2000-2001 season filled with injuries. There were also many instances of injured players returning much sooner than expected. Following this discovery, Dupay was dismissed from the team. Another student, a running back at the Northwestern University had become the schools rushing leader. He had become involved in gambling so in-depth that he fumbled the football at the goal line to ensure his $400 wager on the point spread of his own game. These are the instances that are worthy of the abolishing desire. Still, the fact remains that these examples and 99% of sports gambling is done illegally or under the table. The truth of the matter is that, this is another back-and-forth issue (like abortion) that will never have silence nor contentment. There are serious problems with players and the ethics of the game, but no matter what, a ban on sports gambling will never solve one-single problem. The fact remains that 99% of all sports gambling is done illegally. Since it is currently legal, is there any truth to solving the problem by abolishing it? College sports gambling is truly not the real issue. There are too many other factors at play. When it comes to the players getting involved, I believe that they are able to make their own decisions. If they have difficulty doing that, there must be somewhat of a different issue- Ethics. Apparently, the NCAA should concentrate more on its players than Nevada. With the problem of these players, it doesnt leave much meaning to the idea may the best man win. Bibliography Barlett, Donald L. and James B. Steele, Throwing the Game, Time, (September 25, 2000) Gillespie, Mark, Americans Split on Whether Gambling on College Sports Should Be Banned, The Gallup Organization, (April 1, 2002) Isenberg, Marc, Gambling on College Sports: The NCAAs Solution is Part of the Problem, National Association of Basketball Coaches, Official Athletic Cite, (April 25, 2002) Jansen, Bart, Big name coaches support ban on amateur sports gambling, The Detroit News, (April 25, 2002) Pells, Eddie, Complaint: Dupay received money for sharing info, Slam! Basketball, (September 14, 2001) Rovell, Darren, Congree could trump Vegas on college book, ESPN, (March 15, 2002) Sauve, Valerie, Issues Committee holds discussion on illegal sports wagering in NCAA, The Daily Beacon, (March 5, 2002).

binge drinking Essay -- essays research papers fc

What Causes Binge Drinking   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Binge Drinking is an intriguing phenomenon that many college students take part in all across the country. The issue of binge drinking has been a problem on college campuses for decades. Binge drinking has many horrible effects, but the problem starts with the causes for it. If the causes could be controlled then the issue would not get out of hand. Many college students give different causes for their drinking problems, and experts on the subject have their explanations as well. The problem is, while growing through adolescence anything can become an excuse for drinking, such as  ¡Ã‚ §its Thursday the day before Friday, we need to drink ¡Ã‚ ¨ or,  ¡Ã‚ §it ¡Ã‚ ¦s the last Wednesday of the semester, lets get some beer. ¡Ã‚ ¨   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Binge drinking has different definitions but many would agree that  ¡Ã‚ §Binge drinking has been defined as drinking more than 4-5 drinks in a row in one sitting. A drink is defined as a 12 ounce can or bottle of beer, a wine cooler, a four ounce glass of wine, or a shot of liquor ¡Ã‚ ¨ (Rhodes 1). Others believe that men who consume 5-6 drinks and women who consume 4-5 drinks are also considered Binge Drinkers. Personally I do not think that sex matters, if someone is consuming multiple drinks to become highly intoxicated they should be considered a Binge Drinker.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One article that covers the results of a national survey states that  ¡Ã‚ §Adolescents ¡Ã‚ ¦ levels of alcohol and drug use have been found to be strongly associated with peers ¡Ã‚ ¦ use. However, other studies have shown that a student ¡Ã‚ ¦s drinking was more strongly influenced by how much he or she thought close friends drank than by perceptions of the extent of use by students in general ¡Ã‚ ¨(Results 2). This is a statement that I can agree with because growing up I have watched many young people become greatly influenced by their friends. Now a days the phrase  ¡Ã‚ §peer pressure ¡Ã‚ ¨ concentrates on pressure from a direct group of friends rather than a students peers as a whole. Another reason the article gives for the cause of Binge Drinking is that  ¡Ã‚ §Students who perceive that more drinking occurs than actually does provide themselves with an excuse for drinking more because  ¡Ã‚ ¥everyone is doing it ¡Ã‚ ¦Ã‚ ¡Ã‚ ¨ (Results 2). E veryone knows that most youngsters want what every other kid has, this idea relates in the... ...nge drinking. Almost anything can become a cause for binge drinking. There are things that directly lead to drinking problems such as depression but most of the causes for it are just any old excuse. If I had to decide on main causes for binge drinking they would be depression and simple excuses that give students a reason to drink. People that are depressed usually have thoughts of giving up on life, so by drinking they are just easing their pain. Most of the binge drinking that goes on in college is because students feel that they are supposed to drink, its a college tradition in a way. This is why students will use any excuse they can to drink. Works Cited Anxiety and Binge Drinking. 30 Oct. 2000. Houser, Regan. Message in a Bottle. 30 Oct. 2000. Prevention Primer: Binge Drinking. 30 Oct.2000. Wechsler, Henry and Kuo, Meichun. College Students Define Binge Drinking and Estimate Its Prevalence: Results of a National Survey. EBSCO Publishing 29 Oct. 2000

Growing Up Jewish

My name is Asher Lev is a novel written by Chaim Potok, an American rabbi who narrates Asher's early life, the challenges he faces when attempting to pursue his passion and career-drawing and painting. His father disapproves of his art of drawing. Because of his concentration on the art, he becomes averse to education, which makes his community members to feel ashamed of him. Potok remained an active artist/writer until his death in 2002.The Hasidism religion does not consider the second commandment against graphic arts because art â€Å"belongs to the other side.† As Asher grows older, he learns to control his emotions in relation to his paintings and concentrate more on his art that he becomes successful. The book ends when Asher is twenty-two years old. The plot against America is a political novel written by Philip Roth. The book explains how America has become fascist post-1935 era and Hitler's allies are in control of the white house. There is total chaos in America because of national politics and hatred. Gangs go around harassing people. The lower-middle-class Jews of Weequahic, in Newark, try to learn how to use a gun to defend themselves in an apartment. America and the rest of Europe are taken over by fascist movements and imitators of Adolf Hitler and Mussolini.Both Asher and Phillip face challenges that are mainly unrelated to their lives. Their geographical location and the surrounding community determines the challenges each one of them faces. Asher and Philip face challenges that are to a certain extent unrelated. For instance, Asher is born in a conservative religious community-all the members surrounding him expects him to adhere to the Jewish religion and customs. His father is opposed to his art terming it anti-religious while Philip grows up in a quite liberal community that does not put much emphasis on religion and culture. His major challenges stem from outside his community. In My Name is Asher Levi, â€Å"During Asher's childhood, his artistic inclination brings him into conflict with the members of his Jewish community, considers art unrelated to religious expression to be at best a waste of time and possibly a sacrilege. It brings him into particularly strong conflict with his father, a man who has devoted his life to serving their leader, the Rebbe, by traveling around the world bringing the teachings and practice of their sect to other Jews, and who is by nature incapable of understanding or appreciating art† (Knopf, 2003). While in The Plot against America, â€Å"Hitler's allies rule the White House. Anti-Semitic mobs roam the streets. The lower-middle-class Jews of Weequahic, in Newark, N.J., cower in a second-floor apartment, trying to figure out how to use a gun to defend themselves. (â€Å"You pulla the trig,† a kindly neighbor explains)† (Berman Web). In My Name Is Asher, Asher has to deal with a religion that is imposed on him. His graphic art is not in line with his community's expectations. He faces the challenge of proving to his community that his art is not detrimental to his religion. As he grows older the conflict between him and his community increases. As he matures, he learns control his emotions. Though he sometimes identified himself as religious, he took on a more secular path. He had to make a choice between his art and the Jewish religion. He chose the art over his Jewish religion. As Asher grew older, he resolved to portray his challenges through paintings. He portrays his mother's suffering through Christian art. Asher shows in his book that a balance can be struck between religion and art. Religion help emphasize art. Religious figures can be depicted through art. For Philip political challenges affect him unlike Lev's that are religious; Philip has to deal with the issue of fascists taking control of his country. It encourages people to worship.Philip Roth finds his father powerless in dealing with the dominion of his country by fascists. His community members are disgruntled about his career, but he has no way of helping them. Philip has to deal with anti-Semitism that was propagated by the fascists,† America has gone fascist and ordinary life has been flattened under a steamroller of national politics and mass hatreds. Hitler's allies rule the White House. Anti-Semitic mobs roam the streets† (Davenport Web).Religious affiliation does not hinder one from achieving their goal. They must focus on achieving and perfecting what they aspire. Levi does not allow his Jewish religion and culture to hinder him from pursuing his career of art. Lev learns to do things that he loves most. He pursues a career in painting at the expense of education and religion. As he grows older, he succeeds in art. Success comes after much struggle and endurance. Lev became successful after practicing for a long time. He also was patient and enduring of his community's opposition towards his career in painting. Lev also learnt that it is a mistake to separate religion from freethinking, humanism, and development. Development has always been practiced alongside religion. In other words, religion does encourage development of the community. In â€Å"The Plot against America,† Philip learns that the need for glory makes fascists to invade other countries. They use the army, police, and gangs to achieve their goals.Fascist leaders control all aspects of the people under their control. They control economic life, religious life, social life, and economic life of the citizens. Fascists use intimidation, threats, arrests, and killings to control and subdue the people they lead. They do not allow any dissenting views from the people under their control.In Asher Lev's book â€Å"My Name Is Asher Lev,† he speaks on discrimination based on religion, culture, and secularism. His community discriminates him because of his passion on graphical art. The community tells him that art is against the Jewish religion and culture. However, on holding on onto his talent and career of painting, he succeeds. He did not allow the disagreement of his community deter him from doing what he wanted most-art.Philip Roth, on the other hand, faces the challenge of a fascist leader imposing his political beliefs on to his country- America. He too is discriminated against based on his skin color and religion. His Jewish community in America begins to train themselves how to use a gun so they can defend themselves. The fascist leader unleashes the gang to terrorize them the Jews in America. Hitler's men introduce fascism in the white house and the whole country-America.Works CitedBerman, Paul. â€Å"‘The Plot Against America'.† The New York Times, 3 Oct. 2004.Davenport, Guy.†Collision with the outside world.† The New York Times, 16 April 1972. Potok, Chaim. My Name Is Asher Lev. Knopf; 2003.

Kyoto Protocol Essay

The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change that aims at reduction of Green House Gases (GHGs) and others like CFCs. The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December 1997 and entered into force on 16 February 2005. Currently, there are 192 Parties (191 States and 1 regional economic integration organization) to the Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC. Participation in the Kyoto Protocol, where dark green indicates countries that have signed and ratified the treaty and yellow indicates states that have signed and hope to ratify the treaty. Notably, Australia and the United States have signed but, currently, decline to ratify it. Participating countries that have ratified the Kyoto Protocol have committed to cut emissions of not only carbon dioxide, but of also other greenhouse gases, like, Methane (CH4), Nitrous oxide (N2O), Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), Perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6). The goals of Kyoto were to see participants collectively reducing emissions of greenhouse gases by 5.2% below the emission levels of 1990. This goal is to be achieved by the year 2012. While the 5.2% figure is a collective one, individual countries were assigned higher or lower targets and some countries were permitted increases. Recognizing that developed countries are principally responsible for the current high levels of GHG emissions in the atmosphere as a result of more than 150 years of industrial activity, the Protocol places a heavier burden on developed nations. Under the Protocol, 37 industrialized countries and the European Union (called â€Å"Annex I countries†) commit themselves to a reduction of four greenhouse gases (GHG) and two groups of gases (hydrofluorocarbons and perfluorocarbons) produced by them and all other member countries give general commitments. The total percentage of Annex I Parties emissions is 63.7%. Any Annex 1 country that fails to meet its Kyoto Protocol target will be penalized by having its reduction targets decreased by 30% in the next period India and China, which have rati fied the Kyoto protocol, are not obligated to reduce greenhouse gas production at the moment as they are developing countries; i.e. they weren’t seen as the main culprits for emissions during the period of industrialization thought to be the cause for the global warming of today. This is a little odd given that China is about to overtake the USA in emissions, but take into account the major differences in population and that much of the production in these countries is fuelled by demand from the West and influence from the West on their own culture. As a result of this loophole, the West has effectively outsourced much of its carbon emissions to China and India. The Protocol allows Annex I countries to meet their GHG emission limitations by several â€Å"flexible mechanisms†, such as emissions trading (interms of carbon credits/Kyoto credits), the clean development mechanism (CDM) and joint implementation which are described below: †¢ If participant countries continue with emissions above the targets, then they are required to engage in emissions trading. Emission trading allows the countries to purchase GHG emission reductions credits from other countries that do not need to reduce their GHG emissions. †¢ The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) allows developed countries to undertake projects to reduce emissions in developing countries to generate Kyoto units. †¢ Joint Implementation (JI) allows developed countries to undertake projects to reduce emissions in other developed countries to generate Kyoto units. †¢ Carbon Credits – Indian Scenario †¢ Carbon credits and carbon markets are a component of national and international attempts to mitigate the growth in concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs). One carbon credit is equal to reduction of one ton of carbon dioxide, or in some markets, carbon dioxide equivalent gases. The goal is to allow market mechanisms to drive industrial and commercial processes in the direction of low emissions of GHGs into the atmosphere. †¢ During Kyoto protocol, allocation of carbon credits or Kyoto credits was made to different countries. Each credit gives the owner the right to emit one metric ton of carbon dioxide or other equivalent greenhouse gas. If a country exceeds its emission quota, it has to pay for it in three possible mechanisms to get back the credits, and thus GHG emissions become expensive for the emitters. The three mechanisms are as follows: †¢ Mechanims I – Emission Trading: Countries that have not used up their quotas can sell their unused allowances as carbon credits, while others that are about to exceed their quotas can buy them. †¢ Mechanism II – Clean Development Mechanism: Developed countries (responsible for high GHG emissions, listed as Annex I countries) can start GHG reduction projects in relatively un-developed country (listed as non-annex countries). The purpose of this mechanism is to encourage clean development in developing countries. CDM rights are given only to Annex I countries. †¢ Mechanism III – Joint Implementation Mechanism: A developed country with relatively high cost of setting up of GHG reduction project, will set it in some other developed country. This way, countries can reduce their GHG reduction costs at the same time contribute to Global GHG reduction. An example for a JI project is replacing coal thermal project with a more efficient combined heat and power project. At present Russia and Ukraine are having highest number of JI projects. †¢ †¢ Carbon credits can be gained even by individuals within a country by developing projects that reduce GHG emissions. Several private and government organizations are existing now for sale and purchase of carbon credits. †¢ The actual value of each credit may vary, subject to the market position. Currently its value is about 12-20 Euros. †¢ Indian Scenario: †¢ India has generated approximately 30 Million carbon credits and approximately 140 million in run, the second highest transacted volumes in the world. India’s carbon market is growing faster than even information technology, bio technology and BPO sectors as 850 projects with a huge investment of Rs 650,000 million are in pipeline. As per the Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change, the revenue from 200 projects is estimated at Rs. 97 billion till 2012. †¢ India has been able to register approximately 350 projects spread across various sectors with major dominance of renewable energy, energy efficiency and biomass energy projects. †¢ Renewable energy status in India †¢ Carbon, like any other commodity, has begun to be traded on India’s Multi Commodity Exchange and has become first exchange in Asia to trade carbon credits. †¢

How to Make a Model of an Atom

How to Make a Model of an Atom Atoms are the smallest units of each element and the building blocks of matter. Heres how to make a model of an atom. Learn the Parts of the Atom The first step is to learn the parts of an atom so you know how the model should look. Atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. A simple traditional atom contains an equal number of each type of particle. Helium, for example, is shown using 2 protons, 2 neutrons, and 2 electrons. The form of an atom is due to the electric charge of its parts. Each proton has one positive charge. Each electron has one negative charge. Each neutron is neutral or carries no electric charge. Like charges repel each other while opposite charges attract each other, so you might expect the protons and electrons to stick to each other. Thats not how it works out  because there is a force that holds protons and neutrons together. The electrons are attracted to the core of protons/neutrons, but its like being in orbit around the Earth. You are attracted to the Earth by gravity, but when youre in orbit, you perpetually fall around the planet rather than down to the surface. Similarly, electrons orbit around the nucleus. Even if they fall toward it, they are moving too fast to stick. Sometimes electrons get enough energy to break free or the nucleus attracts additional electrons. These behaviors are the basis for why chemical reactions occur! Find Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons You can use any materials that you can stick together with sticks, glue, or tape. Here are some ideas: If you can, use three colors, for protons, neutrons, and electrons. If youre trying to be as realistic as possible, its worth knowing protons and neutrons are about the same size as each other, while electrons are much smaller. Presently, it is believed each particle is round. Material Ideas Ping pong ballsGumdropsFoam ballsClay or doughMarshmallowsPaper circles (taped to paper) Assemble the Atom Model The nucleus or core of each atom consists of protons and neutrons. Make the nucleus by sticking protons and neutrons to each other. For a helium nucleus, for example, you would stick 2 protons and 2 neutrons together. The force that holds the particles together is invisible. You can stick them together using glue or whatever is handy. Electrons orbit around the nucleus. Each electron carries a negative electrical charge that repels other electrons, so most models show the electrons spaced as far apart from each other as possible. Also, the distance of the electrons from the nucleus is organized into shells that contain a set number of electrons. The inner shell holds a maximum of two electrons. For a helium atom, place two electrons the same distance from the nucleus, but on opposite sides of it. Here are some materials you could attach the electrons to the nucleus: Invisible nylon fishing lineStringToothpicksDrinking straws How to Model an Atom of a Particular Element If you want to make a model of a particular element, take a look at a periodic table. Every element in the periodic table has an atomic number. For example, hydrogen is element number 1 and carbon is element number 6. The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom of that element. So, you know you need 6 protons to make a model of carbon. To make a carbon atom, make 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. Bundle the protons and neutrons together to make the nucleus and put the electrons outside the atom. Note that the model gets slightly more complicated when you have more than 2 electrons (if youre trying to model as realistically as possible) because only 2 electrons fit into the inner shell. You can use an electron configuration chart to determine how many electrons to put into the next shell. Carbon has 2 electrons in the inner shell and 4 electrons in the next shell. You could further subdivide the electron shells into their subshells, if you wish. The same process can be used to make models of heavier elements.

Adults with Learning Disabilities Essay Example for Free

Adults with Learning Disabilities Essay ? The discourse of ‘learning disabilities’ is now being used to challenge a wide range of acts and practices, including violence and intimidation, non-consenting sexual acts, the bullying of less resilient people by more able service users, unacceptably deprived physical or social environments and financial exploitation or fraud. Some argue that it should include all abuses of human rights. Clearly, these issues are not new as the following essay illustrates, and historically some of these practices have been hidden within service cultures while others have been quite open but variously rationalized as ‘behavior modification’, ‘relationships’, ‘control and restraint’, or ‘not giving in to attention seeking’. Abuse was regarded as a central, and inevitable, feature of institutionalized provision in influential models such as that of Goffman (1961) and Wolfensberger (1975 and 1980) within an analysis whose focus was on organizations and ideology. The new discourse is much more personalized and within it the focus is on the experience of the victim. This has some advantages for individuals and highlights some dilemmas for service organizations. It makes clear that people with learning disabilities are harmed, as any individual would be, by personal or sexual violence or exploitation. Harm is deemed equivalent whoever has caused it, for example whether it has been perpetrated by another service user, a member of staff or a stranger. This way of framing harmful acts highlights conflicts of interest between service users: the discourse of ‘challenging behavior’ for example, designed to neutralize the stigma of difficult behavior, inadvertently deflects from and discounts the experience of those on the receiving end of difficult behavior. Naming these acts as abusive confronts service agencies with the need for specialized, safe (expensive) placements for those who present a risk to others. Men with learning disabilities who have difficult sexual behaviors, for example, are often placed alongside very vulnerable people, their needs for asylum taking precedence over the safety of more vulnerable people (Thompson and Brown 1998). But while this acknowledgement is a step forward for individuals ,the new discourse risks personalizing forms of mistreatment that arise out of societal and structural inequalities. At an individual level, when issues of power are overlooked or neutralized, abusive and exploitative interactions can be explained away as relationships of choice. At a service level, new fault-lines between agencies and between purchasers, providers and regulators set up contingencies that make abuse more likely and less visible. At a societal level, there is growing inequality between the pay and working conditions of managerial, professional and so-called ‘unqualified’ staff within and across the statutory, private (for-profit) and voluntary (not-for-profit) sectors. Gender and race exacerbate the unequal position of direct care staff and the disproportionate responsibility that falls on them. This paper divides into two parts. First, I shall review the current usage of the term ‘learning disabilities’, looking at how it is being defined and categorized. Second, I will outline what is emerging as good practice in this field. WHAT DOES A LEARNING DISABILITY LOOK LIKE? Let me explain this with an exaomple: Sara’s lifelong difficulty with reading and writing had nothing to do with not being â€Å"smart. † Most individuals who have a learning disability are of average to above average intelligence and therefore have the intellectual potential to succeed at school and in careers. But they often do not reach this potential. While effort and motivation are important for success, it is clearly unfair to say of someone with a learning disability that he or she â€Å"just needs to try harder. † No matter how hard Sara worked, her problems did not go away. We know that a learning disability is caused by specific dysfunction within the central nervous system. The central nervous system, made up of the brain and the spinal cord, controls everything we do: our ability to process and think about language and to express ourselves verbally, as well as our ability to process nonverbal information, including art or music. Sara’s symptoms included reversing or rotating numbers (6 for 9), letters (b for d;p for q), and words (was for saw; on for no) when writing; omitting letters and sounds; and making sound and word substitutions when reading (tril for trial;then for there). Such problems make it difficult to decode words, and these decoding errors are most evident when reading aloud. Though never diagnosed, Sara’s symptoms became evident in first grade, when formal reading instruction began. As we learn to read we must of course master the alphabet, which is like a code, and learn the relationship between letters and sounds. Reading is a process of decoding the clusters of letters, converting them into words, and then attaching meaning to the words. In many cases, problems with phonological processing the ability to receive, transform, remember, and retrieve the sounds of oral language interfere with the acquisition of reading skills. Phonological processing involves the ability to separate a word into its component parts or blend sounds to construct a word. Problems with these skills make it very hard for the beginning reader to achieve fluency. Comprehension of written material depends on accurate and fluent decoding, a good vocabulary, and comprehension of the grammatical structure of sentences. When these skills are not developed that is, when they are slow and labored — the reader must devote more energy and effort to identifying and comprehending each individual word, rather than constructing meaning from an entire paragraph or from general context. For many years, researchers believed that the reader automatically moved from reading the words on a page to comprehending, without participating in the process of constructing meaning. But recent research points to the fact that the reader plays an active role: using background knowledge about the subject, calling on appropriate strategies for both decoding and comprehension, and applying the right amount of attention and concentration. Reading strategies are now considered essential components of the reading process. These might include paraphrasing while reading or summarizing afterward to help with comprehension. Competent readers are able to evaluate the reading task and select strategies that are a â€Å"good fit† or match to the task. In Sara’s case, she read slowly and had to reread material several times, so she found it difficult to comprehend content or recall important facts when questioned about them later. Unlike good readers, she did not rely on strategies that could help her. She also struggled with writing. Many times she was ashamed to submit patient reports because she knew they were filled with spelling, punctuation, and grammatical errors and were not organized or structured well. Her reports never reflected her knowledge or keen insight into patient care. Writing problems can be seen at any age, although they become more evident as academic or work demands increase. While Sara knew what she wanted to say, she had trouble getting started, focusing on the essential facts, and editing effectively. She tended to use the same words over and over. This was so different from her spoken language, which was rich and varied. Not surprisingly, it took her a long time and a good deal of effort to complete her reports. Her mathematical skills, though, were more than adequate. But there are people with learning disabilities who have problems understanding mathematical concepts or difficulty solving verbal or written mathematical problems. These problems may stem from more than one source, including inadequate spatial or directional sense and difficulty understanding abstract symbols or the language of mathematics. To use a basic example, someone who does not have a good understanding of concepts such as â€Å"plus† and â€Å"minus† is going to find it hard to identify the process needed to solve a mathematical problem. Learning strategies will be of great help to this person. Sara was also troubled by her erratic performance at work. Some days, she would be fine. But when she was fatigued or stressed, she found her attention was poor and she made more than the usual number of errors. At these times, she did not feel in control and usually needed to take a break and call on the support of friends to help her get back on track. While Sara felt her social life to be strength, some individuals who have learning disabilities have difficulty in social situations because they cannot perceive others’ needs and make or keep friends. Relationships with family and friends and associates on the job may suffer. As a way of compensating, an individual may avoid social situations altogether and thus become isolated. Others may struggle with low self-esteem and a lack of assertiveness, which can lead to self-fulfilling prophecies of failure. Moreover, repeated negative experiences in school and at home can discourage an individual from even trying. Many individuals who have learning disabilities have difficulty planning ahead and then evaluating their performance in academic courses or work-related tasks. Planning involves the ability to determine the outlines of a task and the skills it will require. Planning helps us generate strategies or know when to ask for outside help. We are not always conscious of initiating this type of planning because so many tasks are performed automatically, such as remembering a frequently called phone number by using a mnemonic, or writing notes in a book or on a memo. But when tasks are new or complex, active planning is needed. Other learning problems may stem from an inability to manage one’s time effectively to get something done on schedule. For example, many college students do not leave sufficient time to research and write a term paper, and end up frantically completing it the night before it is due. Or a manager may delay writing a budget or marketing report, finding it hard to begin. In order to use strategies at school, at home, or on the job, we need to be aware of ourselves as learners. Researchers have suggested that each of us has our own built-in executive function that directs and controls our actions. If this â€Å"executive† is efficient and aware of individual skills and the strategies needed to accomplish a task, the appropriate plan of action can be put into effect. If the plan is unsuccessful, then the executive reevaluates and initiates a new course of action. Individuals who have learning disabilities have a less efficient executive, the theory goes, and are therefore less able to generate and use effective strategies in their personal and professional lives. In addition to learning disabilities, a large number of adults suffer from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ADHD affects an individual’s ability to focus and concentrate on school or work tasks, and to make good use of strategies. The struggle to achieve is so much harder with the added burden of ADHD. Although external factors do not cause a learning disability, we know that they do play a significant role in learning. It is well documented that the environment we live and work in influences and helps to shape our learning patterns, behavior, and sense of self. Research has consistently shown that the type and quality of support provided both at school and within the home are strong determinants of success in school, at work, or in one’s personal life. For example, a supportive family, early identification of learning problems, and appropriate intervention may make all the difference in helping an individual compensate for the disability. Learning disabilities are found throughout the world and in all socioeconomic groups — they are not bound by culture or language. Approximately the same numbers of males as females have learning disabilities, and the problem tends to run in families. Many prominent figures in politics, science, and the arts are reported to have had a learning disability, among them Nelson Rockefeller, Winston Churchill, Albert Einstein, Thomas Edison, and Auguste Rodin. Einstein, for example, was described as having difficulty learning a foreign language and mathematics — of all things! He also struggled with other academic subjects and with writing. All adults face the challenges and rewards of employment, home and family, leisure pursuits, community involvement, emotional and physical health, and personal responsibility and relationships. Adults who have learning disabilities must manage these life demands with an added set of problems. Society expects adults to be self-supporting, to function within a community, and to exhibit appropriate social behavior. Typically, to be self-supporting one must be employed. Employment for most adults spans a long period of time. It may begin with the exit from high school and continue for fifty or more years. While research on the employment of adults who have learning disabilities is sparse, and the findings that are available reflect the heterogeneity of the population, the information reported is unfortunately discouraging. It suggests that individuals with learning disabilities, as a group, show higher rates of unemployment, have jobs of lower status, receive lower pay, and change jobs more frequently than those without learning disabilities. Of course, there are many individuals at all levels of the workforce who do attain professional success. Further, there are well-documented accounts of persons with learning disabilities throughout history who have made significant contributions to society, among the most notable being Einstein, Edison, Churchill, and Rockefeller. It is important to keep in mind that adults who have learning disabilities who have above average intelligence, come from middle to higher economic backgrounds, and/or have completed postsecondary education, have higher rates of employment, higher job status, and greater job satisfaction than this research indicates. Those who graduate from college are much more likely to hold professional or managerial positions, for example, than those who have only a high school diploma. What makes success on the job so difficult for some people with learning disabilities? For one thing, persistent problems with reading, writing, and arithmetic can interfere with their work. Many report that they continue to struggle with decoding skills, sight vocabulary, and reading rate. Banking tasks and money management often bring out their troubles with arithmetic. Spelling is frequently reported to be the biggest problem of all. The level of basic skills that is required in the current job market is expanding to include more abstract abilities. Employers want their workers not only to be proficient in basic skills but also to be able to use these skills effectively and efficiently to solve on-the-job problems. Employers want the people they hire to be able to read for information, to analyze and synthesize the material, and apply the material read to on-the-job situations. They further expect employees to analyze problems, formulate solutions, and communicate that process, in writing, to others. Workplace mathematics, like reading and writing, also requires identification of the problem, analysis, and then the ability to find a solution. Employers further expect good interpersonal skills. The ability to use technology and information systems is becoming more essential as well. To do all of these things efficiently and effectively, workers must have mastered basic skills and be able to apply thinking skills. They also need personal qualities such as individual responsibility, self-esteem, and self management. The nature of a learning disability may affect the development of some of these competencies. For example, because of years of struggle and failure, self-esteem may be low and self-monitoring skills may not be functioning effectively. Employers often do not understand what a learning disability is, thus making it even more difficult for the adults with learning disabilities whom they supervise. Because employers cannot â€Å"see† the disability and may have limited knowledge about learning disabilities, they may find it difficult to understand that the problems are real. Therefore, they may fail to provide the necessary accommodations and supportive environment. They may often fail to recognize that, with assistance, workers who have learning disabilities may be tremendous assets to the company. A learning disability is a lifelong condition. Some adults, by the time they have completed their formal education, have learned to compensate for their difficulties. For many others, difficulties continue and to varying degrees impact on careers, social relationships, and activities of daily living. There are adults who were diagnosed as children and received services under the guidelines of PL 94-142. But more and more adults, who never knew why school was so hard, are now addressing the problem by initiating an assessment and seeking services to help them cope with their disabilities. Adults who have learning disabilities are a heterogeneous group. Some struggle with reading and writing, some with mathematical tasks, some with the basic challenges of daily life. There are adults who have learning disabilities who have trouble finding and keeping a job; others are professionally successful yet cannot seem to develop a satisfying social life. And there are those who seem to have few problems as they successfully negotiate the range of life’s demands. Adults who have learning disabilities are not merely children with learning disabilities grown up. The impact of having a learning disability differs at each stage of development. And adulthood itself has many stages, each with its unique challenges. Satisfaction or dissatisfaction at one stage does not guarantee the same degree of adjustment at another. At one point, the adult might deal with self-identity, at another with employment and economic independence, and still another with personal responsibility and relationships. As a group, adults who have learning disabilities represent a broad spectrum of the population. We see individuals of different ages, from different socioeconomic, ethnic, and cultural groups. We see different clusters of social and learning problems that affect education, social, personal, and occupational adjustments. The field now recognizes the unique needs of the adult who has learning disabilities, and as such has responded by providing legal protection, programs, services, and an ever-developing information base. Where do we stand today? References: Erikson, E. H. 1968. Identity: Youth and crisis. New York: Norton. Hallahan, D. P. , Lloyd, J. W. , Kauffman, J. M. , Weiss, M. P. , & Martinez, E. A. (2005). Learning disabilities: Foundations, characteristics, and effective teaching (3rd ed. ). Toronto: Pearson Education, Inc. Johnson, D. J. , & Blalock, J. W. (1987). Adults with learning disabilities: Clinical studies. Orlando: Grune & Stratton. Jordan, D. R. (1996). Teaching adults with learning disabilities. The professional practices in adult education and human resource development series. Malabar, Fla: Krieger Pub. Shapiro, J. , & Rich, R. (1999). Facing learning disabilities in the adult years. New York: Oxford University Press. Wong, B. Y. L. (1998). Learning about learning disabilities. San Diego: Academic Press. Adults with Learning Disabilities. (2016, Dec 10).

Business organisation policy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business organisation policy - Assignment Example Management consultant may be also viewed as lacking of familiarity with the organization and there might be lack of responsibility, accountability for results. Management consultant offers fresh perspective considering that in a certain company for instance, the CEO might be so confined with the issue that it would be hard enough to look for other fresh, new and reliable perspective. One of the ways to look at new perspective is to hire management consultant. Management consultants are known to be exposed to different perspectives considering that they try to tackle issues most often regarding business consultancy. Thus it is a fact that they have certain information that they might be able to use prior to making suggestions and explaining new perspectives. Management consultants are known as separate entities of the business. As such there is a remarkable reason to believe that they have no vested interest of the company for as long as they are paid on their service rendered. Unlike hiring those internal employees, vested interest is remarkably observed leading to more complex problem of the company in the long run. Management consultants are objective in giving their opinions and results. Management consultants have no specific time they intend to work for someone else. Thus, it is important to consider that they are of great help to managers who barely have time for management decision concerns. For legal, regulatory and ethical reasons, management consultants are more objective when it comes to giving results. Thus, it is important to understand that management consultants are paid to be objective enough in giving details and results for whatever the management wanted to find out. Hiring management consultant can be costly. This is due to the fact that the mere purpose why management consultants are rendering services is about making additional income. Thus, the management of a company must be able to provide monetary aspect in return of the services